What Is the Ordo Salutis?

The ordo salutis is a theological framework drawn from Scripture that traces the full arc of God's redemptive work in the life of a believer — from the eternal decrees of the Father before creation to the final glorification of the redeemed at the last day. Its classic formulation draws upon Paul's golden chain in Romans 8:29-30: 'For whom he did foreknow, he also did predestinate to be conformed to the image of his Son, that he might be the firstborn among many brethren. Moreover whom he did predestinate, them he also called: and whom he called, them he also justified: and whom he justified, them he also glorified.' Here five links of an unbreakable chain are set forth: foreknowledge, predestination, calling, justification, and glorification. Not a single soul slips through between the links. The broader scope of God's saving purpose is described in Ephesians 1:3-5, where Paul praises the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ who 'hath blessed us with all spiritual blessings in heavenly places in Christ: According as he hath chosen us in him before the foundation of the world...Having predestinated us unto the adoption of children by Jesus Christ to himself.' The ordo salutis typically includes election, predestination, effectual calling, regeneration, faith and repentance, justification, adoption, sanctification, perseverance, and glorification. As Paul writes in 2 Thessalonians 2:13, God chose believers 'from the beginning...to salvation through sanctification of the Spirit and belief of the truth.' The ordo salutis is not a cold theological diagram — it is a hymn of assurance, declaring that the God who began a good work in His people will bring it to completion.